The National Multiple Sclerosis Society in Singapore

Introduction: The National Multiple Sclerosis Society In Singapore The National Multiple Sclerosis Society is a non- profit organization that supports MS related research and provides programs for people with MS and their families. Multiple Sclerosis is an auto- immune disease. It is a chronic and often disabling disease that attacks the central nervous system. The mission statement of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society is to end the devastating effects of multiple sclerosis. The funds that are provided by the society are used in research, programs, and education. The Society helps to raise the awareness of Multiple Sclerosis around the world. (Reference 6) The Multiple Sclerosis Society is a worldwide organization that†¦show more content†¦The Chief of State is President Sellapan Ramis. The President is a figurehead and has no real power for decision-making. The Head of Government is Prime Minister Goh Cho Tong. The prime minister is in charge of government policy and state of affai rs. Singapore s political parties include National Solidarity Party, People s Action Party, and Singaporean Democratic Party, which is the governing party, Singaporean People s party, and the Workers Party. Singapore has a Legal System based on English Common Law and Suffrage.(Reference 1) Singapore Law Singapore s law is enacted by Singapore Parliament and consist of the Singaporean Constitution, legislation and subsidiary legislation. The Constitution lays down the fundamental principles and basic framework of state organization and enshrines the fundamental rights of the individual. Singapore can be very strict when it comes to their laws for example they are sometimes called fine city their laws particularly dealing with littering. If one litters there are large fines for first offenders and public humiliation for repeat offenders. 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Steps of Coducting an Audit Free Essays

I sincerely hope that this assignment meets your approval and demonstrates my ability to resent assignments. If you require further clarification, I will be happy to contact you according to your convenience. Sincerely, Ishrat Nahid ID: 0930183 Executive Summery An auditor is an official whose Job it is to carefully check the accuracy of business records. We will write a custom essay sample on Steps of Coducting an Audit or any similar topic only for you Order Now An auditor can be either an independent auditor unaffiliated with the company being audited or a captive auditor, and some are elected public officials. Auditors are used to ensure that organizations are maintaining accurate and honest financial records and statements. In this report I have written about the plan of audit and the importance of ndependence of auditors. Planning the audit is an important step to conduct the audit. Auditor uses different planning methods to determine risk assessment, assessment of internal controls etc. The auditor either internal or external cannot complete all the aspects of the audit in one year. The auditors plan the audit is such a way they can cover the audit over a period of time. Auditor independence is one of the most important issues in accounting practice today. Independence increases the effectiveness of the audit by providing assurance that the auditor will plan and execute the audit objectively. High-quality audits enhance the reliability of the financial reporting process by investors and other users. Topic 1. Planning of audit 15- 163. References Page no 5-14 2. Independence of auditor 17 audit report Planning refers to the process of deciding what to do and how to do it. Planning involves selecting mission and objective and the actions to achieve them; it requires decision making that is, choosing from among alternative future course of actions. Plans thus provide a rational approach to achieving reselected objectives. Planning is an intellectually demanding process; it requires that we consciously determine ourses of action and base our decisions on purpose, knowledge and considered estimates. An audit plan is the specific guideling to be followed when conducting an internal or external audit. Internal audits are usually conducted by a company’s accounting staff and are primarily used for a management review of accounting process. External audits are conduct by external public accounting firms or private certified accountants (CPA) to ensure outside stakeholders that the company’s financial information is prepared in accordance with that Jurisdiction’s accepted accounting principles. External audit usually use a formal audit plan for auditors to follow when conducting audits. Audit planning improves the quality of audit work. It is necessary for an effective, efficient and timely audit. Adequate audit planning establishes the right means to achieve the objectives of audit. It helps in identifying potential problems and ensures that work is completed expeditiously. An audit plan does help the auditor not only to understand the scope of audit but also facilities smooth conduct of audit. Auditors use five types of test to determine whether financial statements are fairly stated: rocedures to obtain understanding of internal control, tests of controls, substantive tests of transactions, analytical procedures and tests of details of balances. All audit procedures fall into one or more than one of these five categories. By these tests detection risk reduces and effectiveness of internal control has increase. Five types of tests are firstly, update and evaluate the auditor’s previous experience with the entity. Secondly, make inquiries of client personnel. Thirdly, read client’s policy and systems manuals. Fourthly, examine documents and records. Fifthly, observe entity and operations. A meaningful audit plan considers some basic steps. If these basic steps are the minimal possible time. Step 1: Talk to the client The auditor discusses the nature of the engagement and the client’s business and industry trends at the beginning of planning. Insights gained from this discussion help the au ditor navigate through the remainder of the audit planning procedures. These insights set the stage for an active two way communication process that result in a fully engaged audi tor. Step 2: Obtaining background information An extensive understanding of the clients business and industry and knowledge bout the company’s operations are essential for doing an adequate audit. The auditor asks about recent developments in the company that may cause the audit to differ from prior years. Developments such as mergers, new locations or new product lines may have a significant impact on the audit plan for the current year. These discussions take place at the client 10 cation. Going on site provides the auditor the opportunity to meet with key employees or new employees and to see for him or herself any changes in the overall operations of the client. Step 3: Prepare A Complete list of items needed from the client Before starting uditing auditors require samples, documents and many other papers those auditors need to audit. A meaningful audit plan pro vides an updated list of client-prepared items that considers the following: New schedules because of changed risk profiles at the client New schedules resulting from a change in audit ap proach Example schedules and templates so the client prepares them in the auditors desired format Insertion of due dates for each schedule that has been agreed to by the client For larger clients, insert the name of a person respon Sible for the completion of the schedule that has been agreed to by the client How to cite Steps of Coducting an Audit, Papers

Organisational Behaviour and People Management for Bureaucracy

Question: Discuss about theOrganisational Behaviour and People Management for Bureaucracy. Answer: Introduction An organisation can be considered as a group or team of people working collectively to achieve a united mission or vision. The inclusion of the word team in the definition of an organisation defines the importance of team work in the business world. Team work in business organisations can produce synergies and can fresh perspectives and new solutions to problems (HEATHFIELD, 2018). As a result, business organisations in the present day world are trying their best to boost team work in their workplace so that they can achieve the benefits related with effective team work. In this report, we will discuss certain strategies that can help an organisation in building efficient teams. Team building strategies One of the areas where the human resource managers of business organisations face trouble is related with promoting a team oriented environment in the workplace. Due to workplace politics and bureaucracy, working as teams can sometime become challenging for the employees. Certain strategies that can help in promoting a team oriented environment in the workplace are discussed below: First of all, working in teams should be considered important right from the beginning of an organisation i.e., from the recruitment process. The recruitment process of business organisations should test the ability of the candidates to work with others as a team. This can be done by including certain team related questions in the interviews or the testing stage or by assessing the socialisation preferences of a candidate. Secondly, the leaders of the organisation should keep a check on workplace bureaucracy and politics. The leaders of the organisation can arrange for regular sessions where employees will be divided into teams and each team will be assigned a specific task to be accomplished (Cardinal, 2015). These teams should be shuffled after a while so that they do not develop a comfort zone of their own and can also get a change to interact with employees from different teams. Constant shuffling of teams and team oriented activities can help in keeping the employees engaged and comfortable in working as a team. Thirdly, evaluating team performance is one of the most important strategy in an attempt to build a team working environment. Employees should be constantly evaluated on the performance that they demonstrate as a team member along with the performance of each team (Berkeley University of California, 2018). Teams that demonstrate exceptional performance can be given rewards, which will reinforce the importance of working as teams in the minds of the employees. Lastly, establishing a common goal for the employees and providing a clarity of the common goals can also help in bringing them together as a team. Conclusion Team building is important in business organisations as it helps in creating synergies and achieving something that the employees cannot achieve individually. Team building can sometimes be difficult but by demonstrating the correct leadership skills and using the right strategies, leaders of the organisation can actually foster a team oriented environment in the workplace. References HEATHFIELD, S. M. (2018, February 28). What Is a Team? . Retrieved April 2, 2018, from www.thebalance.com: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-a-team-1919226 Cardinal, R. (2015, April 23). 5 Steps to Building an Effective Team . Retrieved April 2, 2018, from www.huffingtonpost.com: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/rosalind-cardinal/5-steps-to-building-an-effective-team_b_7132406.html Berkeley University of California. (2018). Steps to Building an Effective Team . Retrieved April 2, 2018, from hr.berkeley.edu: https://hr.berkeley.edu/hr-network/central-guide-managing-hr/managing-hr/interaction/team-building/steps

10 Countries with the Highest Population Density

10 Countries with the Highest Population Density Cities are known for being crowded, but some cities are far more crowded than others. What makes a city feel crowded isnt just the number of people who live there but the physical size of the city. Population density refers to the number of people per square mile. According to the Population Reference Bureau, these ten countries have the worlds highest population densities 1. Manila, Philippines - 107,562 per square mile The capital of the Philippines is home to roughly two million people. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay the city is home to one of the finest ports in the country. The city regularly hosts over a million  tourists each year, making the busy streets even more crowded. 2. Mumbai, India - 73,837 per square mile Its no surprise that the Indian city Mumbai comes in second on this list with a population of over 12 million people. The city is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India. The city lies on the West coast of India and has a deep natural bay. In 2008, it was dubbed an alpha world city. 3. Dhaka, Bangladesh - 73,583 per square mile Known as the city of mosques, Dhaka is home to roughly 17 million people. It was once one of the most wealthy and prosperous cities in the world. Today the city is the countries political, economic and cultural center. It has one of the largest stock markets in South Asia. 4. Caloocan, Philippines - 72,305 per square mile Historically, Caloocan is important for being home to the secret militant society that spurred the Philippine  Revolution, also known as the Tagalong war, against Spanish colonialists. Now the city is home to almost two million people. 5. Bnei Brak, Isreal - 70,705 per square mile Just east of Tel Aviv, this city is home to 193,500 residents. It is home to one of the largest coca-cola bottling plants in the world. Israels first womens only department stores were built in Bnei Brak; its an example of the gender segregation; implemented by the ultra Orthodox Jewish population. 6. Levallois-Perret, France - 68,458 per square mile Located roughly four miles from Paris, Levallois-Perrett is the most densely populated city in Europe. The city is known for its perfume industry and beekeeping. A cartoon bee has even been adopted at the citys modern emblem. 7. Neapoli, Greece - 67,027 per square mile   The Greek city of Neapoli comes in at number seven on the list of most densely populated cities. The city is divided into eight different districts. While only 30,279 people live in this small city thats impressive given its size is only .45 square miles! 8. Chennai, India - 66,961 per square mile Located on the Bay of Bengal, Chennai is known as the education capital of South India. Its home to almost five million people. Its also considered one of the safest cities in India. Its also home to a large expat community. Its been dubbed one of the must-see cities in the world by the BBC. 9. Vincennes, France - 66,371 per square mile Another suburb of Paris, Vincennes is located just four miles from the city of lights. The city is probably most famous for its castle, Chateau de Vincennes. The castle was originally a hunting lodge for Louis VII but was enlarged in the 14th century. 10. Delhi, India - 66,135 per square mile The city of Delhi is home to roughly 11 million people, putting it just after Mumbai as one of Indias most populated cities. Delhi is an ancient city which has been the capital of various kingdoms and empires. Its home to numerous landmarks. Its also considered the book capital of India due to its high readership rates.

Regretfull stage in life

Regretfull stage in life Three years ago I made a mistake, which brought me a lot of trouble, distrust, and disappointment. It all started when a big famous music artist got a piercing on his lip and after that it became big fashion all around the world, and for me it was something cool but forbidden. In my freshmen year I knew a friend in my grade that had a couple of piercing's, and I once told him that I wanted one in my lip, he said that the person who gave him the piercing was his brother who had a famous tattoo and piercing shop, and if I wanted one he could hook me up and give me one for free. After what he had supposed I started to think, but not thoroughly, and one day I made the decision to get a piercing without permission and hide it from my parents which was not going to work but I did not care.Girl with a Lego earringThe day when I got my piercing, it was a school day; so right after school my friend and I went to his brother's place. When we got there I saw that it was a very clean place, it w as decorated in a very neat and simple way, one of the things that caught my attention a lot, is that there was a lot of diplomas hanging on the walls for piercing and tattoos, I dint know they gave diplomas for that type of things. My friend introduced me to his brother he was a nice guy, and he asked me what size of earring I wanted, I chose one, and he placed it in a antibacterial liquid. While I was waiting, I was sitting in a big dentist stile chair and I stated getting second regret thoughts, but...

Criminal Justice Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal Justice Act - Essay Example The 2003 criminal justice act allows the admittance of evidence against a person for a bad character during the criminal process. The new law was enforced in 2004 succeeding the previous common law and many of the statutory regulations that governed the bad character admissibility which was abolished following these changes. The new scheme that replaced them sets out conditions in which such evidence can be put into use in criminal procedures (Denis 2002) The new statute seems to have sent back the position in DPP v P. it would seem that the law disregards the attempt to keep away from inclination evidence following DPP. These changes have been manifested so much in the period after 1999 in cases like R v Humphris (2005), R v Nguyen (2005) and R v Black. Nonetheless, it’s evident that that criminal cat of 2003 discards some of the cases like an instance of the case of New South Wales Makin V Attorney-General-(Roberts & Zuckerman 2004). According to Lord Herschell, the crown was unable to adduce evidence and was inclined to indicate that the accused was guilty of other criminal acts part from those implicated by the indictment for the reasons of drawing conclusions that he is a person likely from the previous criminal record to have committed the felony for which he was to be tried. This outlawed line of thinking prevented the crown from putting up arguments the defendant was guilty based on his general predisposition to commit comparable types of felonies (Denis 2002).

The Concept of Risk in Diffirent Project Management Approaches Essay

The Concept of Risk in Diffirent Project Management Approaches - Essay Example If we talk about the risk management in agile (Scum) software project management, it basically allows us to deal with risks on the daily basis. For instance, till the end of a day we identify and record the project risks. On the other hand, PRINCE2 goes beyond the definition of risk as it divides the risk into two categories on the basis of their positive or negative consequences. These two categories can be threat and opportunity. In this scenario, a threat could be an uncertain activity or action which if it occurs can cause negative effect on the project’s likelihood of achieving its objectives. On the other hand, an opportunity is an event if it takes place can cause a favorable and advantageous effect on the project likelihood of achieving its objectives (Brady, 2009; Rehman et al., 2010; TutorialsPoint, 2012). However, in this paper we will consider the risk as a threat. In addition, risk management is an essential element of both the Agile (scrum) and Prince2 project ma nagement approaches. This paper will discuss the concept of risk from the perspective of Prince2 and Scrum project management approaches. ... According to this attribute, risk may or may not take place; in other words, we are not 100% sure about the occurrence of possible risks. On the other hand, another attribute is acknowledged as â€Å"loss†. According to this attribute, the risk turns into a certainty, unnecessary outcome or losses can take place. Hence, while evaluating project risks, it is necessary to assess the degree of loss and the level of improbability associated with each risk (Pressman, 2001, p.146; Kerzner, 2006, p.743). In addition, risk management is the process of identifying, measuring, and managing what might go in the wrong way into a project before it turns out to be a danger to the successful completion of the project or the implementation of a software application. Moreover, risk management is a very important skill to manage a project successfully (Turban et al., 2005, p.712; Whitten et al., 2000, p.83). According to (Murthi, 2002), large software systems cannot be developed without facing a wide variety of risks. In this scenario, a report published by â€Å"The Standish Group† with the name of "CHAOS: A Recipe for Success," shows that only less than 30% of all software development projects are within budget and on time as well as fulfil all their indented requirements. On the other hand, more than 70% either fail or do not fulfil software development goals. Additionally, these facts are frightening in a cost-cutting measure where software systems play a significant role in fact they can make or break the organization (Murthi, 2002). In this paper, we will use the approach of identifying, measuring, and managing what might go in the wrong way into a project before it becomes problem for the successful completion of a project. Concept of Risk in Prince2 Project Management